Category: Packet Radio

BPQ Packet Radio Node conversd Interlink

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Usually, use of a plain telnet session is sufficient to connect to remote services in BPQ however when the remote service requires a login to occur, sending a prompt to the user and trusting them to input the correct information is unsatisfactory as in some circumstances this can lead to spoofing.

Automating with Expect

The expect tool is used in here to replace the interactive process of logging in with a preset behaviour.

The wrapper script connects to the remote service, in this case- conversd, and sends the command sequence including the callsign of the user to initialize the connection and log the person in with their current callsign connected through the BPQ node.

The callsign itself is provided to the wrapper script by BPQ32 automatically upon connect. The problem with conversd is that it requires a command prefix before the callsign to actually log in.

Install expect

You will need to ensure that the expect tool is installed on your system, and that the path to ‘expect’ matches in the script provided down below, by default this is /usr/bin/expect.

sudo apt install expect

The wrapper script

#!/usr/bin/expect 
gets stdin callsign
        spawn -noecho nc IPADDRESS 3600
        send "/n $callsign\n"
        interact
        exit

In the above example, substitute the IPADDRESS with the DNS host name or static IP address of the conversd server you wish to connect to.

You may need to substitute the port number for the one provided to you by the conversd owner. The default is usually port 3600, but it can sometimes differ system to system.

Place this script in a familiar directory, for the sake of example this document will use a sub directory “scripts” within the linbpq home directory.

/home/bpq/scripts/convwrap

Set the correct permissions:

chmod 755 /home/bpq/scripts/convwrap

Calling the wrapper script

The wrapper script by itself doesn’t do all of the work. Incoming connections from BPQ have to pass through to a TCP port that is connected to the wrapper script, this is easily achieved with the openbsd-inetd package.

Install ‘openbsd-inetd’ on your system, if using a Raspbian or Debian based install this is accomplished with:

sudo apt install openbsd-inetd

The openbsd-inetd utilizes two configuration files, these are:

/etc/inetd.conf
/etc/services

Edit the /etc/inetd.conf, insert the following tab-delimited configuration line.

convwrap    stream    tcp    nowait    bpq    /home/bpq/scripts/convwrap

Note that the references to ‘bpq’ here refer to the user ID that the service will run under. In the example, user ‘bpq’ runs the convwrap script from its own home directory. See Appendix 1 for more information on the inetd.conf syntax.

Edit the /etc/services file and insert a fresh port number for this service, e.g port 63000:

convwrap  63000/tcp

Restart inetd so that it loads the above configuration.

sudo service inetd restart

Configuring BPQ32

Insert an APPLICATION line below your existing application definitions, ensure that you select an unused unique application number (the digit after APPLICATION). BPQ has a maximum of 32 application definitions.

APPLICATION 9,WWC,ATTACH 10 127.0.0.1 63000 S,NOCALL-2,ALIAS,255

In the above example:

  • ‘9’ refers to application number 9, it is important that you choose an application number between 1-32 that is not already in use.
  • WWC is the command alias, a user connected to the BPQ node issues this command to initiate the connection to the wrapper.
  • ATTACH is the internal node command that requires a telnet PORTNUM.
  • ‘10’ is the telnet PORTNUM associated in bpq32.cfg, it will differ system to system, if your system does not have a telnet port defined, now is the time to do that
  • 127.0.0.1 63000 is the host and TCP port number where the wrapper script is provided (see /etc/services from earlier). 127.0.0.1 always refers to ‘localhost’ or ‘self’ in human terms
  • ‘S’ is the internal node flag that instructs the node to keep the user connected to the node after disconnecting from the wrapper. This is known as ‘Stay’.
  • NOCALL-2 is the optional callsign and SSID you want the wrapper to be reachable via ax25 and NETROM.
  • ALIAS is the optional 1-6 character maximum unique ax25 and NETROM alias of the wrapper. Do NOT use the default- make sure you pick one that does not collide with anyone else on the NETROM network.
  • ‘255’ is the optional NETROM quality to add the prior optional call sign/alias to the NETROM broadcast, as it is a local and hard-wired service, this can be maximum, 255.

Testing

Test the wrapper using the simple telnet program. Connect to the wrapper port, it should show the following:

bpq@pe1rrr:~/scripts $ telnet localhost 63000
Trying ::1...
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.

In order to emulate what BPQ will do, type in your callsign and hit enter.

pe1rrr
/n pe1rrr
*
* Access to channel 0 has been removed from this server.
*

FYI: No password found.
     Try /help mkpass.

conversd @ Rijen_NL Ping-Pong conversd saupp-1.62a
* Type /HELP for help.
*       Welcome to RRRWWC Worldwide Converse Server
*                 Use /help for commands.
* ========================================================
*
*** There are 18 users on 9 channels online.
*** Will try local default channel 3333.
*** You created a new channel 3333.
*** Personal data set from file: Red, Rijen, JO21LO
*** Nickname set from file: Red

🙂

Appendix 1

From the inetd.conf documentation:

service type protocol wait user server cmdline
service

The service name. Service names are translated to port numbers by looking them up in the services file (often /etc/services) for TCP and UDP services, or the portmap daemon for RPC services.

type

The type of socket the service will use. This will be either stream, for connection-oriented protocols, or dgram, for datagram protocols. TCP-based services should always use stream, while UDP-based services should use dgram.

protocol

The communication protocol used by the service. This must be a protocol listed in the protocols file (usually found in the same directory as the inetd configuration file). This is usually tcp or udp. RPC services prepend rpc/ to the type.

wait

Whether the service can process multiple requests at one time. This option applies only to dgram sockets. If the service in question can process multiple requests, this should be wait. Otherwise, and for stream sockets, this should be nowait.

user

The user under which the process should run. Oftentimes this will be root, but if the daemon does not require root privileges, you should consider running it under a less privileged user. Programs which you do not particularly trust, or that you know have security problems are prime candidates to be run under a less privileged user.

server

The absolute pathname of the daemon to be executed. Internal services are marked by the keyword internal.

cmdline

The command-line arguments to the daemon. The first argument should be the short name of the program. This is a traditional Unix convention which is normally hidden by the shell.

Packet Web Portal, Games & More

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This is a demonstration of several cool features I have added to a regular packet radio switch, one of which enables access to crucial information that would otherwise have be unobtainable for a vulnerable and isolated radio amateur without Internet (they exist!)

Packet Web Portal: COVID-19

The idea was initially sparked by Sholto, K7TMG who had expressed the desire to fiddle with websites over packet during a casual discussion in the round table packet chat.

At first, I wasn’t too keen on the idea namely because of restrictions on the type of information permitted over amateur radio links, however after some thought it occured to me that it would be possible to implement a portal with some precautionary measures in place, but the idea was then shelved for a few weeks.

While it may have been fun to play with, on its own merit- it was likely to be a total waste of time!

A couple of weeks passed and a series of packet mails arrived from a elderly fellow OM who was in total lockdown due to heightened measures surrounding COVID-19 in the UK. He had no Internet and his only contact with outside was via a volunteer who came by his home once a week to bring groceries.

This bothered me perhaps more than it should, but in these mail exchanges over packet radio he was asking me to look things up on the Internet for him. Uh… eureka much?

My reaction

Software

LinBPQ – (BPQ32) by John Wiseman, G8BPQ

BPQ switch is the system that connects all of the bits and pieces together: Radio, Computer, Internet, Services and applications.

For simplicity, a simple telnet terminal is sufficient
to interface with BPQ32, and BPQ32 also provides a web-browser based terminal.

Hey, I designed this icon!

UZ7HO’s modem has been ported to multi-platform by G8BPQ. The sound-modem is used for interfacing radio with the BPQ switch, in turn providing access to users via RF. Released currently under alpha and beta test as QtSoundModem Software-Terminal Node Controller.

QtSoundModem (Alpha Test)

A terminal program. The DOS program Paket 6.2 running in DOSBOX is for demonstrative purposes only, it is not necessary to run this when more modern alternatives exist…

However for this test case, Paket 6.2 is actually the terminal used by the fellow ham mentioned in the introduction. It has been used in this scenario to optimise the appearance of the web portal for the end user.

Paket 6.2 for DOS

I mentioned earlier the restrictions on certain types of data over amateur radio links, this is where OpenDNS FamilyShield came into play, and a HTTP proxy server that serves as the filter for requests going to the internet. This is accomplished by setting the proxy to use OpenDNS’s DNS-servers, therefore inheriting their DNS-based safety features.

Another risk reduction measure is the Express Menu- this makes getting information directly pertaining to COVID-19 easier and a simple matter of entering two or three digits. One of the choices available enables one to enter any web address if desired, and those requests are logged, and if necessary- filtered (denied).

Screenshot of the WEB Portal via QtTermTCP Client

Source Code

All of the tools demonstrated in the video such as Packet Web Portal, Games, Graphs – are all available from my GitHub:

https://github.com/pe1rrr/packet-scriptlets

Do you have a Raspberry Pi* and fancy having a go?


A ready-to-go build of (pi)LinBPQ combined with QtSoundModem and QtTermTCP is available via GitHub, and an introduction posted right here.

* The minimum-fuss specification for running all of the software is a Raspberry Pi 4.

Unfortunately, the RPi3 has some issues with the ALSA libraries and PTT timing on GPIO and serial ports, meaning any PTT-timing sensitive application may not work as intended out of the box.

This bug affects not only QtSoundModem but Direwolf TNC as well.

The OSS-ALSA sound bridge workaround for RPi3 is included in the GitHub repository. However, if you are looking to purchase a Pi specifically for this purpose, definitely go for the RPi4.

Words of Encouragement

You may find this additional info useful, in response to a comment posted on the original unedited video:

“Is this TCPIP over AX25?”

No, technically the big difference is that we are using AX25 encapsulated over IP rather than the other way around to link nodes together over the internet where RF either isn’t available or practical.

The software TNC with the waterfall visible in the background is linked into the switch over KISS-over-TCP. This means we can run dedicated little boxes like Raspberry Pi4s and radios bunched together in one place with the switch physically located else where.

QtSoundModem is then linked into the switch (the node) running on a separate Raspberry Pi elsewhere in the house.

Setting this up is not easy, as there is no one-size-fits all. It can be just as complex as setting up a enterprise-level Cisco router- where there may be technical manuals out there but basically your network design is unique to you and mine is to me, depending on your needs.

This means there is very help on offer that would not have some huge bias towards a certain intended purpose.

The documentation for linbpq is thorough, but requires full assimilation before even picking up and starting to write a config file as boy is it modular as heck!

This also applies to other network stacks like JNOS, the manual for that is thick, so it is not a problem with the software itself- but mostly a mild case of PEBCAK.

Not to be too discouraged, I have put together a bundle to get some basic functionality up and running but it will still require some due diligence and has a dependency on basic Linux operational competence (LinBPQ RTG).

Hopefully the README.md included with linbpq_rtg is sufficient to get most started. You can leave a comment if you have questions below 👇 or better- join the BPQ32 Groups.io Support Group.

QtSoundModem Auto-Starting from Systemd

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I don’t run the QtSoundModem on the same machine as the node so I use a systemd service script to automatically start up QtSoundModem and put it on a virtual-VNC session that is independent from the physical desktop.

The following systemd scripts call a pair of bash scripts located within the home directory, so that modifications can be done to them without having to reinitialize the systemd service.

Packages Required

sudo apt install realvnc-vnc-server
sudo apt install screen

Note: realvnc is free on the Raspberry Pi, alternatives that may work for other platforms: tightvnc or tigervnc

Systemd Scripts

/lib/systemd/system/qtsm.service


[Unit]
Description=QtSoundModem Start Script
After=vvnc.service
Wants=vvnc.service


[Service]
Type=forking
WorkingDirectory=/home/pi/bin
Restart=always
RestartSec=20
StartLimitInterval=60
StartLimitBurst=3
User=pi
Group=pi
ExecStart=/usr/bin/screen -S QTSM-Console -d -m /home/pi/bin/startqtsm
SyslogIdentifier=QTSM-Debug


[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

/lib/systemd/system/vvnc.service 

[Unit]
Description=Shack Desktop Start Script by PE1RRR
After=network.target


[Service]
Type=forking
WorkingDirectory=/home/pi/bin
Restart=always
RestartSec=20
StartLimitInterval=60
StartLimitBurst=3
User=pi
Group=pi
ExecStart=/home/pi/bin/vvnc
SyslogIdentifier=Shack-VNC


[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Virtual Virtual VNC?

vvnc for virtual-VNC, yep its a virtual virtual desktop, one that runs independently from the default usually found running as a clone of the desktop monitor display.


This script starts a virtual VNC screen that can be attached from any device such as a smart phone, iPad or other desktop Pi.

/home/pi/bin/vvnc

#!/bin/bash
vncserver -kill :1
vncserver :1 -geometry 2732x2048

Set permissions to execute:

chmod 755 /home/pi/bin/vvnc

QtSoundModem Start Script

/home/pi/bin/startqtsm

cd /home/pi/bin

# Launch invisibly
# /home/pi/bin/SM nogui

# Launch with GUI

# Set the display number here. If HDMI connected monitor, this is usually :0

# For VNC sessions, this is determined in the desktop- check it with “echo $DISPLAY” in a shell within the VNC.

DISPLAY=:1
export DISPLAY
/home/pi/bin/QtSoundModem  # path to your QtSoundModem binary

Set permissions to execute:

chmod 755 /home/pi/bin/startqtsm

There are a couple of ways of launching QtSoundModem, I prefer to have the GUI to keep and eye on the waterfall and monitor packets etc.. there is an option to start it invisibly in which case- you can opt to use the nogui mode, and remove all references to vvnc.service in the previous scripts as they won’t be needed.

Initialise systemd

Need only doing once:

sudo systemctl enable qtsm.service
sudo systemctl enable vvnc.service

To Stop/Start manually:

sudo service qtsm start

If the vvnc service is not yet running qtsm’’s service will auto-start it for you. This is due to the “Wants=“ directive in qtsm.service.

Restarting the vvnc service will kill any vnc server running on the display defined in the /home/pi/bin/vvnc file before starting up again.

Displaying the VNC Session

If all has gone well, then QtSoundModem should be displayed on your Virtual VNC screen. That is, assuming you’ve connected a VNC client to it to display it!

The common way to connect to the VNC server is using the address and the display number. 0 (zero) nearly always refers to the hardware-wired display, and the first virtual server after that is :1

e.g IP-address:1

vncviewer 192.168.0.44:1

Monitoring the Consoles

As these systemd scripts launch with the screen command, this provides a way to keep an eye on the console output without it thrashing the SD Card with continuous writes. To attach to the running screen console, try the following:

screen -r

If you only have one screen session running then it will re-attach automatically, if not then it will show you a list from which you must provide a string after the -r that can be wildcard-matched either with the process number or the console’s name.

Starting LinBPQ from Systemd

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Ideal for Raspbian Buster.

Optional but recommended:

Note in the above example there is a line referencing an application /usr/bin/screen. If you do not have the screen package installed, it is highly recommended to do so- screen will create a virtual console for linbpq, ideal for checking, diagnostics, debug/errors etc.

sudo apt install screen

When the node is running, while logged in as the user defined in the linbpq.service:

To attach:
screen -r linbpq
To detatch, press key combination sequence:
Ctrl-a d

Create the runbpq Script

I recommend running a script rather than the binary directly so that if you need to add TNC drivers or bind additional devices such as bluetooth TNCs, this would be the ideal place to put them In sequence.

#!/bin/bash
#
# Edit to reflect the directory location of linBPQ installation
cd /home/bpq/node
#
# Attempt to upgrade (if linbpq.new exists) on next restart
mv linbpq.new linbpq
./linbpq

Set execute and the correct USERID and GROUP permissions on the runbpq script AND linbpq binary. This will make it run with the correct user ID if at any point it is launched manually.

sudo chmod +x runbpq
chown <userid>:<groupid> runbpq linbpq
sudo chmod u+s runbpq linbpq

Upgrade preparation

IMPORTANT: If you drop an upgraded linbpq into the directory, you should name it linbpq.new and run the following commands on it to prepare it for when the linbpq service is next restarted (useful if running a node with a specific scheduled maintenance window). 

sudo chmod +x linbpq.new
sudo chown <userid>:<groupid> linbpq.new
sudo chmod u+s linbpq.new

Starting linbpq from systemd

Create the file linbpq.service with the following contents:

[Unit]
Description=LinBPQ
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
WorkingDirectory=/home/bpq/node
Restart=always
User=bpq
Group=bpq
ExecStart=/usr/bin/screen -S linbpq -d -m /home/bpq/node/runbpq
#ExecStart=/bin/bash /home/bpq/node/runbpq
SyslogIdentifier=LinBPQ
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Edit the ExecStart path to reflect the location of runbpq on your system.

Move linbpq.service into the /etc/systemd/system/ directory

sudo mv ./linbpq.service /etc/systemd/system/
cd /etc/systemd/system/

Then run

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable linbpq.service

Which does this:

Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/linbpq.service → /etc/systemd/system/linbpq.service.

And that should be it. LinBPQ will now start from boot, and you have prepared a system to assist with future upgrades of the node binary.

Further tips

You can check your systemd startup sequence status issuing:

sudo systemctl status

LinBPQ “Ready to Go”

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Got a Raspberry Pi and want to get back into Packet Radio?

The LinBPQ-RTG has been moved to a GitHub repository, meaning keep it up-to-date is much easier. To download, install ‘git’ on your system and use the following command to copy the repository to your system:

git clone https://github.com/pe1rrr/linbpq_rtg

This is a complete packet radio setup for amateur radio use. The repository has binaries included for the Raspberry Pi providing the full node network stack, QtSoundModem and QtTermTCP.

The repository contains documentation and configuration pretty much ready to go, only a few things need to be edited to set your callsign, file paths and a couple of parameters such as grid square locator, GPS coordinates and APRS-IS password.

Please note this software is in Beta, it is recommended that you run all three update scripts before starting, and most importantly, read the README.md – also viewable on https://github.com/pe1rrr/linbpq_rtg

Recommended system requirements: Raspberry Pi4 if running the provided QtSoundModem soundmodem. If not using the soundmodem, serial port based TNCs can be used on a Pi Model B / Pi Zero as the performance overhead is much lower. Raspberry Pi Model 3’s have issues with ALSA driver (see: https://bugs.launchpad.net/raspbian/+bug/1819560) although a workaround has been included in the repository, see qtsm_rpi3 file.

If you wish to compile the source code yourself, download the latest archive from G8BPQ’s website/repository here. If using a 64bit OS, you must first install x86 32bit compatibility libraries before building. A binary compiled without these may execute but it will send corrupted frames, so be careful.

Good luck!

73

Red – PE1RRR

Appendix

The update scripts provided can be easily modified to download the binaries for x86 32bit Linux.

Open them in a text editor and adjust the filename= parameter.

The filename downloaded by the scripts should be changed from ‘pilinbpq’ to ‘linbpq’. The same procedure should be employed for qtsm and qtterm update scripts- just remove the ‘pi’.

Linux x86

If running a 64bit OS you will need to install the 32bit compatibility libraries. For Ubuntu and Debian, this is accomplished with:

apt-get install ia32-libs
QtTerm configured in MDI mode
QtSoundModem

Windows

For Windows users, the configuration files are compatible with the Win32 build of BPQ32 available from G8BPQ’s website here.

Be aware the configuration here is for the latest Beta so after installing the Win32 package, also download the latest beta DLL. As this package is aimed at Raspbian Linux for the Raspberry Pi it is a little out of scope to provide details for the Windows platform.

See BPQ32 Documentation

JNOS<>BPQ – Forwarding Mail over Telnet

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UPDATE – Foreword: The easiest way to exchange mail between BPQ and JNOS would be to simply create a AXUDP link between BPQ and JNOS and then use NETROM connectivity to do regular AX25 connections over the link. The document below was composed before this realisation.

This foreword is here as a heads up that using Telnet method is really the longest route around the problem, and is really not recommended.

Internally Forwarding Mail to BPQ

Create a new user with BBS flags for your JNOS instance within the BPQ User Management Area.

For this account, do not use the callsign of the JNOS instance, instead use a descriptive alias. This avoids a problem with callsign collision which will usually cause JNOS to refuse to work. In my example, I will refer to this USER as RRRNOS on the BPQ side.

The HROUTE of RRRNOS is RRRNOS.PE1RRR.NLD.EURO, as configured in the mailbox settings for JNOS.

All mail for RRRNOS arrives first at PE1RRR.NLD.EURO and is queued for forwarding to RRRNOS.

In turn, we also will refer to the BPQMail instance in the JNOS configuration as MATRIX, rather than the callsign.

Configuring forward.bbs

IMPORTANT: The passwords for BPQ telnet sessions are NOT defined in the BPQMail User account, but instead in the bpq32.cfg node configuration file under the TELNET port declaration. See BPQ Telnet Server Documentation.

matrix 0023 P
telnet <bpq node address> <bpq fbbport> cronly
.<bpq port defined telnet userid>
.<password>
* 0
.BBS
* 0
<list of areas to forward>

IMPORTANT: The FBBPORT is often misunderstood as a direct connection to the BBS- when it is not. The port opens a connection to only the node which is why we must issue an extra command: .BBS

FBB sysops frequently get this wrong and wonder why their telnet forwarding to a BPQMail instance doesn't work.

JNOS ftpusers Configuration

It is necessary to provide BPQMail with an account on JNOS with which to log in and access BBS functions. This is possible by adding an account with the necessary privileges set.

JNOS won’t allow the use of an invalid callsign for a login user ID by default, to do so would require recompiling the JNOS source with one of the config.h “defines” changed (it is easy to do, but not recommended).

A workaround, if forwarding downstream to yourself– is to just use your own callsign for the login, as it would be coming from your own upstream BPQMail BBS anyway.

Permissions needed (if not using your own sysop login): Expert, BBS.

From the FTPUSERS PERMISSIONS reference sheet, sum up the permission level as such:

  • BBS: 8192
  • Expert: 16384
  • Summed together: 24576
FTPUSERS PERMISSIONS
The following is a list of the user permission values allowed in FTPUSERS file.
  Name          value    hex value    comments
FTP_READ         1        0x1       /* Read files */
FTP_CREATE       2        0x2       /* Create new files */
FTP_WRITE        4        0x4       /* Overwrite or delete existing files */
AX25_CMD         8        0x8       /* AX.25 gateway operation allowed */
TELNET_CMD       16       0x10      /* Telnet gateway operation allowed */
NETROM_CMD       32       0x20      /* NET/ROM gateway operation allowed */
SYSOP_CMD        64       0x40      /* Remote sysop access allowed */
EXCLUDED_CMD     128      0x80      /* This user is banned from the BBS */
PPP_ACCESS_PRIV  256      0x100     /* bit for PPP connection */
PPP_PWD_LOOKUP   512      0x200     /* Priv bit for peerID/pass lookup */
NO_SENDCMD       1024     0x400     /* Disallow send command */
NO_READCMD       2048     0x800     /* Disallow read command */
NO_3PARTY        4096     0x1000    /* Disallow third-party mail */
IS_BBS           8192     0x2000    /* This user is a bbs */
IS_EXPERT        16384    0x4000    /* This user is an expert */
NO_CONVERS       32768    0x8000    /* Disallow convers command */
NO_ESCAPE        65536    0x10000   /* Default is no escape char */
NO_LISTS         131072   0x20000   /* No lists displayed from mailbox */
NO_LINKEDTO      262144   0x40000   /* Disable '*** linked to'  */
NO_LASTREAD      524288   0X80000   /* Ignore lastread in <area>.usr
                                       (shared accts)*/
NO-FBBCMP        1048576  0x100000  /* Avoid FBB compression */
XG_ALLOWED       2097152  0X200000  /* Allow XG (dynip route) cmd */

Edit the ftpusers file and append:

<callsign> <password> /jnos/public 24576

Note: If this BBS is also a regular user, give them AX and netrom permissions too (add 8 + 32 to the final sum).

Configuring BPQ Forwarding

The BPQ User created with the BBS flag (RRRNOS in this example) should be visible in the Forwarding Management Area of BPQ as one of the callsigns in the list.

Click on RRRNOS user and then set the fields with the following information, if not explicitly mentioned, the fields are to be left empty.

Connect Script

ATTACH 10
C <jnos host/ip> <jnos port> TELNET <jnos userid> <jnos password>

BBS HA

RRRNOS.PE1RRR.NLD.EURO

Hierarchical Routes (Flood Bulls) 

AF
AS
OC
EURO
NOAM
SOAM
CEAM
WW

HR (Personals and Directed Bulls)

WW

Enabled Checkbox/Flags (all not explicitly mentioned should be disabled)

  • Enable Forwarding [ON] Interval [600]
  • FBB Blocked [ON] Max Block [10000]
  • Send new messages without waiting for poll timer [ON]
  • Allow Binary [ON]
  • Use B2 Protocol [ON]

Click Update to finish.

Check and Test

Open a new terminal an go to your BPQ directory, open the log file using the tail command, this will open the log file and checks the file for new data is written to it every 0.1 seconds.

tail -f -s 0.1 logLatest_BBS.txt

From the BPQ Forwarding Area, select the BBS account and click Forward

Alternatively use: fwd <callsign> now from the BPQ mail prompt.

Watch the log file for errors.

If all goes well this is what you should see:

200213 16:31:41 |RRRNOS    Incoming Connect from RRRNOS
200213 16:31:41 >RRRNOS    [BPQ-6.0.19.30-B2FWIHJM$]
200213 16:31:41 >RRRNOS    0 messages to fwd to RRRNOS
200213 16:31:41 >RRRNOS    PE1RRR BBS>
200213 16:31:41 <RRRNOS    [JNOS-2.0m-B2FHIM$]
200213 16:31:42 <RRRNOS    FF
200213 16:31:42 >RRRNOS    FQ
200213 16:31:42 |RRRNOS    RRRNOS Disconnected

To test from the other direction, log into JNOS sysop console and issue:

Note: In the examples below. ‘MATRIX’ is the arbitrary name I have given to the BPQ mailbox in JNOS, it just so happens to also be the BPQ mailbox’s NETROM alias but that is not important at all as this is a telnet session, it is just for practicality.

mbox kick <bpq bbs name defined in forward.bbs>
e.g.
mbox kick MATRIX

Note: when calling mbox kick, use upper case for the callsign if there is no local mail to actually forward. This initiates a reverse forward. If you don’t use this method, and you have no mail to forward, it won’t try and connect, and as such you won’t see diddly squat happening in the log file.

Packet Radio: Building & Configuring Conversd Server

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Synopsis

Building & configuring conversd and creating the systemd service file for conversd.

conversd-saupp v1.62aDownload

Build & Install

Download and then fix filename (thanks wordpress) before decompressing (gzip -d <file.tar.gz>) and then extracting (tar xvf <file.tar>) 

vi Makefile

#Directories:
BASE_DIR = /usr/local
DATA_DIR = /var/cache/conversd
#/etc/conversd if you…
CONF_DIR = $(BASE_DIR)/etc/conversd
BIN_DIR = $(BASE_DIR)/bin
SBIN_DIR = $(BASE_DIR)/sbin
MAN_DIR = $(BASE_DIR)/man
#
INIT_DIR = /etc/init.d 
sudo apt install libreadline-dev
sudo make clean
sudo make install-all

Lots of compile warnings. Ignore. It should install all of the files after compilation. If you got fatal errors, you are missing libraries.

Remove the no longer necessary SYSV init script:

sudo rm /etc/init.d/conversd
sudo rm /etc/init.d/lconversd 
sudo rm /etc/init.d/wconversd 
sudo rm /etc/init.d/ppconversd

Create the Service file for systemd

cd /etc/systemd/system
sudo vi conversd.service

Paste this into conversd.service:

[Unit]
Description=Conversd Server On %I
After=network.target
[Service]
PrivateTmp=true
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/conversd
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Run these commands as root:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable conversd

Configuration

Configure your server, make sure to change the secret number to a completely different one, as well as make sure it is smaller than the default as that is there to deliberately stop the server working (so pay attention).

vi /usr/local/etc/conversd/conversd.conf

Modify /etc/services to include the service name and port:

sudo vi /etc/services

Insert:

conversd 3600/tcp

Testing

Start the daemon 

sudo service conversd start

Check it is running

ps -ef | grep conv
daemon 7448 1 0 02:41 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/sbin/conversd

Log in using the convers client:

convers -l <callsign>
conversd @ Rijen_NB Ping-Pong conversd saupp-1.62a
Type /HELP for help.
*
Enjoy the convers. Type /version to see where comments go to.
Set your /personal text if you haven't already done so. /? gives help.
*
*** There is 1 user online
*** Will try local default channel 31.
*** You created a new channel 31.
*** ( 1:51) conversd made you a channel operator for channel 31

Packet Radio: BPQMail Notes

on By

Whitepages Notes

The BBS has been configured to reject WP bulletins, but yet, WP bulletins are still arriving with status BK (bulletin killed), but why? I asked John G8BPQ and was given a helpful insight into how the forwarding protocol of choice can affect the message filters. After inspecting my BBS log file, he explained:

The WP messages that aren’t being rejected are all arriving via B2 protocol (FC proposal). The standard FC message doesn’t include FROM, TO or VIA so the filters have to kill filtered messages instead of rejecting them.

Between BPQ BBS systems the FC proposal is extended. Many of those messages are rejected, but not all of them.